Health Community Organizations Research Articles

Understanding the research and practical needs required to control toxocariasis in Iran.

Human toxocariasis (HT) is a widespread zoonotic infection globally, notably prevalent in tropical areas. Enhancing our understanding of toxocariasis can lead to increased attention towards the socioeconomic impact and control of this neglected zoonosis. We conducted a comprehensive review of all available articles and official documents on toxocariasis in Iran to identify research gaps and critical needs for its control. This review highlights that despite numerous studies exploring various aspects of toxocariasis in definitive and paratenic hosts, as well as humans and environmental contamination, significant data deficiencies and gaps persist across different regions in the country. These gaps involve investigating the worm burden and reinfection rates in definitive hosts, developing more sensitive methods to detect and differentiate of Toxocara species, and understanding the behavior of definitive host animals. Additionally, identifying potential paratenic hosts for HT and exploring the organ-specific affinity and survival duration of Toxocara larvae within these hosts are essential areas for exploration. It's also imperative to comprehend the sylvatic and domestic cycles of the parasite in paratenic hosts. Furthermore, assessing egg density in the environment, exploring potential new sources such as water, and identifying regions with optimal climatic conditions for the survival and development of Toxocara eggs are crucial for the formulation of effective prevention and control strategies. Identifying at-risk groups, developing early diagnosis techniques, employing imaging methods, and identifying long-term complications in humans are also crucial. Community health organizations should prioritize health education for the public and professionals. Furthermore, accurately estimating definitive host populations, monitoring and preventing their movements in public places, implementing regular deworming practices for pets and stray hosts, and recognizing the infection's significance as a health priority are critical. This comprehensive understanding advocates for a holistic "one health" approach to control of HT.

Maternal care utilization and provision during the COVID-19 pandemic: Voices from minoritized pregnant and postpartum women and maternal care providers in Deep South.

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected maternal care services especially for minoritized individuals, creating challenges for both service users (i.e., African American and Hispanic pregnant/postpartum women) and maternal care providers (MCPs). Guided by a socioecological framework, this study aims to investigate the experiences of African American and Hispanic pregnant and postpartum women, as well as MCPs, in accessing and providing maternal care services during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Deep South. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 19 African American women, 20 Hispanic women, and 9 MCPs between January and August 2022. Participants were recruited from Obstetrics and Gynecology clinics, pediatric clinics, and community health organizations in South Carolina, and all births took place in 2021. Interview transcripts were analyzed thematically. Maternal care utilization and provision were influenced by various factors at different socioecological levels. At the intrapersonal level, women's personal beliefs, fears, concerns, and stress related to COVID-19 had negative impacts on their experiences. Some women resorted to substance use as a coping strategy or home remedy for pregnancy-induced symptoms. At the interpersonal level, family and social networks played a crucial role in accessing care, and the discontinuation of group-based prenatal care had negative consequences. Participants reported a desire for support groups to alleviate the pressures of pregnancy and provide a platform for shared experiences. Language barriers were identified as an obstacle for Hispanic participants. Community-level impacts, such as availability and access to doulas and community health workers, provided essential information and support, but limitations in accessing doula support and implicit bias were also identified. At the institutional level, mandatory pre-admission COVID-19 testing, visitation restrictions, and reduced patient-MCP interactions were women's common concerns. Short staffing and inadequate care due to the impact of COVID-19 on the health care workforce were reported, along with anxiety among MCPs about personal protective equipment availability. MCPs emphasized the quality of care was maintained, with changes primarily attributed to safety protocols rather than a decline in care quality. The pandemic has disrupted maternal care services. To overcome these issues, health facilities should integrate community resources, adopt telehealth, and develop culturally tailored education programs for pregnant and postpartum women. Supporting MCPs with resources will enhance the quality of care and address health disparities in African American and Hispanic women.

A national audit of prescribing in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS)

Abstract Introduction Specialist Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) provide essential support to the mental well-being of young people. Concerns regarding CAMHS delivery in Ireland have been brought to the fore since 2022 and the publication of the Maskey report; this report presented the findings from a review into the care delivered in one region of Ireland and highlighted risk of harm to children and young people due to deviation from clinical best practice.[1] Following the report’s publication, a national audit of CAMHS prescribing practice was requested by the Minister for Mental Health and Older People. Aim To conduct an audit of prescribing in CAMHS nationally and determine adherence to defined audit standards. Methods Every community CAMHS team in Ireland were requested to self-complete the audit on a random sample of 50 children under their care between 1st July 2021 and 31st December 2021, and prescribed medication during this period. An audit tool was developed by the audit team, based on issues identified in the Maskey report, and was sent electronically to each CAMHS team. The tool gathered data on demographics of children, disorders treated, medications prescribed, patient monitoring and communication. Adherence to six audit standards was evaluated. These standards were: i)involvement of a consultant in prescribing. ii)consent to medication by parent/guardian. iii)baseline physical assessment. iv)ongoing physical monitoring. v)communication with general practitioner. vi)follow-up review appointment arranged. The target for each standard was set at 95%. Data were analysed using the software STATA Version 17.0[2] Results The audit sample comprised 3528 children, representing 74 CAMHS teams nationally. More males were included in the sample (n=1955, 55.4%). The median age was 15 years, with a range of 4-17 years. -The majority of children (70.6%) were taking one medication, 24.2% were prescribed two medications and 4.6% were prescribed three medications. -54% of children were prescribed ADHD medications; 41.9% were prescribed an anti-depressant, 10.9% were prescribed an antipsychotic. -Most medications were prescribed within recommended dose ranges. -95% of prescribing was done under consultant supervision. -89% of children had consent to medication documented. -90% of children had baseline physical monitoring conducted prior to prescribing. -92% of children had ongoing physical monitoring conducted. -90% had documented communication with the child’s general practitioner. -98% of children had follow-up review appointments arranged. Conclusion This audit of 3528 children from 74 CAMHS teams is the first of its kind to highlight nationally the broad complexity in prescribing practices in CAMHS in Ireland. These data add to the limited literature on the nature of illnesses treated by CAMHS and the need for services. The work has several strengths and limitations; a key strength is that 100% compliance was achieved in terms of participation of community CAMHS teams, a limitation is that external validation of the data was not undertaken as it was not feasible in the timeframe available. Several recommendations, at national and community health organisation level, were derived from the results of this audit.

How comprehensive is our comprehensive geriatric assessment in clinical practice? An Irish perspective.

Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is the cornerstone of high-quality care for older adults. There is no current gold standard to guide what should be included as the baseline measure for CGAs. We examined what metrics are being captured in CGA baseline assessments completed by community based integrated care teams in Ireland. CGA's care pathways in Ireland are usually initiated with a written document that establish patients baseline in various assessment areas. These documents were the focus of this study. We completed a cross-sectional study of the components captured in CGA baseline assessments completed in a community setting. We contacted operational leads in each of the community health organisations in Ireland and requested a copy of their current initial baseline screening document for CGA. We reviewed 16 individual CGA baseline documents for analysis in this study. Common assessment areas in all documents included frailty (with the Rockwood Clinical frailty scale used in 94%, n = 15), cognition (4AT-56% of CGAs, MMSE-25%, MOCA-25%, AMTS-19%, AD8-19%, Addenbrookes-13%, 6CIT-13%, mini cog-6%), mobility (100%, n = 16), falls (100%, n = 16), continence (100% n = 16), nutrition (100% n = 16). Mood (94%, n = 15), pain (44%, n = 7), bone health (63%, n = 10), sleep (62%, n = 10) and skin integrity (56%, n = 9). Formal functional assessment was completed in 94% (n = 15) of CGAs with the Barthel index being the tool most used 81% (n = 13). Half of the CGAs included a section describing carer strain (50%, n = 8). The majority of CGAs included a patient centred question which was some variation of 'what matters most to me' (75% n = 11). 87.5% of assessments included a care plan summary (n = 14). This report highlights that the core tenets of CGA are being assessed across different community based initial CGA screening instruments. There was significant variability in the discussion of challenging topics such as carer strain and social well-being. Our results should prompt a discussion about whether a minimum dataset should be developed for inclusion in nationwide initial baseline CGA document, aiming to improve standardisation of assessments, which will impact areas highlighted for intervention and ultimately guide population health policy.

Colorectal Cancer Screening in Transgender and Gender-Diverse Patients at Community Health Organizations

Colorectal Cancer Screening in Transgender and Gender-Diverse Patients at Community Health Organizations

What explains regional variation in privately provided out-of-area residential placement costs for people with intellectual disability in Ireland?

Expenditure on residential placements for people with intellectual disability (ID) in Ireland is considerable and expected to increase. Despite this, there is limited evidence on the factors driving variation in privately provided 'out-of-area' residential placement costs, including across Community Health Organisations (CHOs)/regions. This is important to help inform the delivery of services at best value. We analyse unit cost data from 2019 for a sample of 278 high-cost publicly funded privately provided out-of-area residential placements for people with ID in Ireland. We undertake univariate analysis of the relationship between costs and a wide range of variables using t-tests and one-way analysis of variance. We employ multivariable regression analysis to examine how raw differentials in unit costs across regions can be accounted for by individual-level characteristics. We estimate average unit costs of €264170 per annum in our sample. The univariate analysis shows considerable variation in costs across a range of personal, disability, psychiatry/psychological, forensic issues, behaviour and supports and plans related variables. We also find wide variation in average unit costs across CHOs/regions (F=4.58, P<0.001), ranging from €213380 to €331880. The multivariable analysis shows that regional differences remain even after accounting for a wide range of individual characteristics that influence costs. Our analysis shows that while the majority of differences in costs across regions can be explained, there is potential for cost savings in the provision of high-cost publicly funded out-of-area residential placements in Ireland. Overall this can help to develop and implement a more sustainable disability residential funding model in a context of rising demand for services. It also has potential implications for the approach to procurement of services.

Treatment Non-adherence Patterns Among Patients With Mental Illness: A Study From the District Mental Health Care Center in India.

The success of any medical intervention, including mental health treatment, depends largely on patient adherence to the prescribed regimen. In psychiatric illnesses, one of the biggest problems is getting people to adhere to their treatment schedule, representing a treatment gap that increases the burdens of patients, families, communities, and countries. Globally, it has become necessary for community health organizations to actively work towards reducing this gap and treatment non-adherence. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to examine treatment non-adherence patterns among patients with mental illness. This work used a retrospective study design and consecutive sampling. The data source was secondary data obtained from the healthcare records of patients registered in the outpatient department of the District Mental Health Care Center, India, from January 2022 to December 2022. Out of a total of 883 patients recruited for the study, 35.7% (n=315) were on regular follow-up over a duration of more than one year. Among patients with severe mental illness, 46% (n=46) had regular follow-ups and were compliant with therapy. About 49% of patients (n=433) discontinued their treatment after the initial contact with the therapist, with the highest rate among those with substance use disorders (77.0%; n=57). The remaining 15.3% (n=135) of recruited patients discontinued their follow-up appointments over a duration of 1 week to 12 months. Overall, 64.3% (n=568) of the recruited patients discontinued their treatment within one year. There was considerable early treatment dropout among patients with mental illness. However, this treatment discontinuation can be avoided because the individual identities of these patients are well-known to the therapist or facility, as they have had at least one interaction with the therapist. In order to improve treatment adherence, patients with mental illnesses must receive consistent support through community outreach programs, home visits, and new strategies to promote treatment compliance.

Impact of Healthcare Location Concordance on Receipt of Preventive Care Among Children Whose Parents have a Substance Use and/or Mental Health Diagnosis.

Children of parents with substance use and/or other mental health (SU/MH) diagnoses are at increased risk for health problems. It is unknown whether these children benefit from receiving primary care at the same clinic as their parents. Thus, among children of parents with >1 SU/MH diagnosis, we examined the association of parent-child clinic concordance with rates of well-child checks (WCCs) and childhood vaccinations. Retrospective cohort study using electronic health record (EHR) data from the OCHIN network of community health organizations (CHOs), 2010-2018. Setting: 280 CHOs across 17 states. 41,413 parents with >1 SU/MH diagnosis, linked to 65,417 children aged 0 to 17 years, each with >1 visit to an OCHIN clinic during the study period. Dependent variables: rates of WCCs during (1) the first 15 months of life, and (2) ages 3 to 17 years; vaccine completeness (3) by the age of 2, and (4) before the age of 18. Estimates were attained using generalized estimating equations Poisson or logistic regression. Among children utilizing the same clinic as their parent versus children using a different clinic (reference group), we observed greater WCC rates in the first 15 months of life [adjusted rate ratio (aRR) = 1.06; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02-1.10]; no difference in WCC rates in ages 3 to 17; higher odds for vaccine completion before age 2 [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.12; 95% CI = 1.03-1.21]; and lower odds for vaccine completion before age 18 (aOR = 0.88; 95% CI = 0.81-0.95). Among children whose parents have at least one SU/MH diagnosis, parent-child clinic concordance was associated with greater rates of WCCs and higher odds of completed vaccinations for children in the youngest age groups, but not the older children. This suggests the need for greater emphasis on family-oriented healthcare for young children of parents with SU/MH diagnoses; this may be less important for older children.

1833. Infectious Diseases in Patients Experiencing Homelessness in Detroit, MI Over a Three-Year Period (2020-2023)

Abstract Background The homeless population has many health challenges. In Detroit there are estimated 8000 people experiencing homelessness, 62% with a disabling condition, and an estimated readmission rate 4x greater than non homeless (Homeless Action Network Detroit). Coordinating care presents unique challenges. It is imperative to examine infections over the long term to identify areas for care improvement, education, infection prevention and better access. We show an infection profile in patients experiencing homelessness from admissions over 3 years at a large hospital in Detroit. This will bring to light the needs of this population and foster delivery of equitable care to the classically underserved. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study done over a 3 year period from 2020-2023 in homeless patients hospitalized at a 850 bed urban hospital. In total we were able to identify 200 patients, and 31 patients had information collected from the EMR. Results Patients were mostly Black (83%) males (77%). 48% had primary care providers. 87% had history of substance abuse (35% endorsing IV). Of the 31 patients, all had an infection during the study period. 16% with diagnosis of HIV, and 42% had Hep C. Most common infections were as follows: soft tissue (51.6%), pneumonia (29%), urinary tract (16%). Most common organism in culture was Staph aureus (42%; 46% MRSA), Strep (13%) and E coli (13%). Of gram negatives, 20% were ESBL and 20% AmpC. 35% had a surgical procedure while inpatient. The most common antibiotics were vancomycin (35%) and cephalosporins (32%). Treatment duration was usually 7-10 days (29%). 61.3% completed treatment, 16% had recurrent infection, and 9.6% lost to follow up. 55% received ID consult, but only 9.6% followed up in clinic. 19.3% saw a street medicine organization. Readmission was low (9.6%), although 19.3% had an ER visit post discharge. Conclusion This preliminary study establishes a profile of infections in those experiencing homelessness in Detroit. This data will help educate providers, allow equitable and targeted care to be delivered, and lead to intervention options that improve access to care. In the future we plan to create useful tools such as an antibiogram specific to this population that can help community health organizations impact care delivered at initial contact. Disclosures Marcus Zervos, MD, Contrafect: Advisor/Consultant|GSK: Grant/Research Support|Johnson and Johnson: Grant/Research Support|Pfizer: Grant/Research Support

Exploring the role of community health organizations in promoting public health during a health crisis: a qualitative study of COVID-19 responses in South Africa and Zambia.

While the COVID-19 pandemic amplified the need for accurate and actionable health information, uncertainty and the proliferation of misinformation have contributed to significant mistrust in public health messages, especially among marginalized communities. Community health organizations can play an important role in creating trust and providing targeted health information to vulnerable groups. This qualitative study, which is focused on community health organizations supporting vulnerable populations in South Africa and Zambia, finds that during the pandemic, community health organizations expanded their roles and leveraged their established access and trust to support the communities they serve with health education and services. However, the reliance on external support limits the organizations' ability to respond in an effective and efficient manner during health crises.

Readability and content gaps in online epilepsy surgery materials as potential health literacy and shared-decision-making barriers.

Epilepsy surgery is an effective albeit underused treatment for refractory epilepsy, and online materials are vital to patient understanding of the complex process. Our goal is to analyze the readability and content inclusion of online patient health education materials designed for epilepsy surgery. A private browser setting was used on Google and Bing to identify the top 100 search results for the terms "epilepsy+surgery". Scientific papers, insurance pages, pay-wall access sites, and non-text content were excluded. The website text was reformatted to exclude graphics, contact information, links, and headers. Readability metrics were calculated using an online tool. Text content was analyzed for inclusion of important concepts (pre-surgical evaluation, complications, risks of continued seizures, types of surgery, complimentary diagrams/audiovisual material). Comparison of readability and content inclusion was performed as a function of organization types (epilepsy center, community health organization, pediatric-specific) and location (region, country). Browser search yielded 82 distinct websites with information regarding epilepsy surgery, with 98.7% of websites exceeding the recommended 6th-grade reading level for health information. Epilepsy centers had significantly worse readability (Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) P < 0.01 and Flesch Reading Ease (FRE) P < 0.05). Content analysis showed that only 37% of websites discuss surgical side effects and only 23% mention the risks of continued seizures. Epilepsy centers were less likely to report information on surgical side effects (P < 0.001). UK-based websites had better readability (FKGL P < 0.01 and FRE P < 0.01) and were more likely to discuss side effects (P = 0.01) compared to US-based websites. The majority of online health content is overly complex and relatively incomplete in multiple key areas important to health literacy and understanding of surgical candidacy. Our findings suggest academic organizations, including level 4 epilepsy centers, need to simplify and broaden online education resources. More comprehensive, publicly accessible, and readable information may lead to better-shared decision-making.

Health Behaviors Before and After the Implementation of a Health Community Organization: Gangwon's Health-Plus Community Program.

Community organization is a resident-led movement aimed at creating fundamental social changes in the community by resolving its problems through the organized power of its residents. This study evaluated the effectiveness of health community organization (HCO), Gangwon's Health-Plus community program, implemented from 2013 to 2019 on residents' health behaviors. This study had a before-and-after design using 2011-2019 Korea Community Health Survey data. To compare the 3-year periods before and after HCO implementation, the study targeted areas where the HCO had been implemented for 4 years or longer. Therefore, a total of 4512 individuals from 11 areas with HCO start years from 2013 to 2016 were included. Complex sample multi-logistic regression analysis adjusting for demographic characteristics (sex, age, residential area, income level, education level, and HCO start year) was conducted. HCO implementation was associated with decreased current smoking (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.57 to 0.95) and subjective stress recognition (aOR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.64 to 0.97). Additionally, the HCO was associated with increased walking exercise practice (aOR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.71), and attempts to control weight (aOR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.12 to 1.64). No significant negative changes were observed in other health behavior variables. The HCO seems to have contributed to improving community health indicators. In the future, a follow-up study that analyzes only the effectiveness of the HCO through structured quasi-experimental studies will be needed.

Multisectoral actions in primary health care: A realist synthesis of scoping review.

Multisectoral actions (MSAs) on health are key to implementation of primary health care (PHC) and achieving the targets of the Sustainable Development Goal 3. However, there is limited understanding and interpretation of how MSAs on health articulate and mediate health outcomes. This realist review explored how MSAs influence on implementing PHC towards universal health coverage (UHC) in the context of multilevel health systems. We reviewed published evidence that reported the MSAs, PHC and UHC. The keywords used in the search strategy were built on these three key concepts. We employed Pawson and Tilley's realist review approach to synthesize data following Realist and Meta-narrative Evidence Syntheses: Evolving Standards publication standards for realist synthesis. We explained findings using a multilevel lens: MSAs at the strategic level (macro-level), coordination and partnerships at the operational level (meso-level) and MSAs employing to modify behaviours and provide services at the local level (micro-level). A total of 40 studies were included in the final review. The analysis identified six themes of MSAs contributing to the implementation of PHC towards UHC. At the macro-level, themes included influence on the policy rules and regulations for governance, and health in all policies for collaborative decision makings. The meso-level themes were spillover effects of the non-health sector, and the role of community health organizations on health. Finally, the micro-level themes were community engagement for health services/activities of health promotion and addressing individuals' social determinants of health. Multisectoral actions enable policy and actions of other sectors in health involving multiple stakeholders and processes. Multisectoral actions at the macro-level provide strategic policy directions; and operationalise non-health sector policies to mitigate their spillover effects on health at the meso-level. At micro-level, MSAs support service provision and utilisation, and lifestyle and behaviour modification of people leading to equity and universality of health outcomes. Proper functional institutional mechanisms are warranted at all levels of health systems to implement MSAs on health.

A prospective study in nurse‐led clinics and community nursing using the transurethral catheterisation safety valve for the prevention of catheter balloon inflation injury of the urethra

International Journal of Urological NursingVolume 17, Issue 2 p. 144-145 ABSTRACT A prospective study in nurse-led clinics and community nursing using the transurethral catheterisation safety valve for the prevention of catheter balloon inflation injury of the urethra M. J. Abitang RN, Corresponding Author M. J. Abitang RN [email protected] Department of Urodynamics, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland Correspondence M. J. Abitang, Beaumont Hospital, Department of Urodynamics, Dublin, Ireland. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorE. M. O'Connor MD, E. M. O'Connor MD Department of Urodynamics, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, IrelandSearch for more papers by this authorS. M. Croghan MD, S. M. Croghan MD Department of Surgery and Urology, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, IrelandSearch for more papers by this authorO. Baird MD, O. Baird MD Department of Surgery and Urology, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, IrelandSearch for more papers by this authorJ. Fallon MD, J. Fallon MD Department of Surgery and Urology, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, IrelandSearch for more papers by this authorP. Loughman MD, P. Loughman MD Department of Surgery and Urology, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, IrelandSearch for more papers by this authorJ. Esoof MD, J. Esoof MD Department of Surgery and Urology, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, IrelandSearch for more papers by this authorS. K. Giri MD, S. K. Giri MD Department of Surgery and Urology, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, IrelandSearch for more papers by this authorS. Rosengrave RN, S. Rosengrave RN Departments of Medicine, Surgery and Urology, Ennis General Hospital, Day Ward, Clare, IrelandSearch for more papers by this authorA. Chute RN, A. Chute RN Departments of Medicine, Surgery and Urology, Ennis General Hospital, Day Ward, Clare, IrelandSearch for more papers by this authorA. M. O'Looney RN, A. M. O'Looney RN Community Health Organization, Community Intervention Team, Limerick, IrelandSearch for more papers by this authorD. Shanahan RN, D. Shanahan RN Community Health Organization, Community Intervention Team, Limerick, IrelandSearch for more papers by this authorC. Ryan RN, C. Ryan RN Community Health Organization, Community Intervention Team, Limerick, IrelandSearch for more papers by this author M. J. Abitang RN, Corresponding Author M. J. Abitang RN [email protected] Department of Urodynamics, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland Correspondence M. J. Abitang, Beaumont Hospital, Department of Urodynamics, Dublin, Ireland. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorE. M. O'Connor MD, E. M. O'Connor MD Department of Urodynamics, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, IrelandSearch for more papers by this authorS. M. Croghan MD, S. M. Croghan MD Department of Surgery and Urology, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, IrelandSearch for more papers by this authorO. Baird MD, O. Baird MD Department of Surgery and Urology, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, IrelandSearch for more papers by this authorJ. Fallon MD, J. Fallon MD Department of Surgery and Urology, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, IrelandSearch for more papers by this authorP. Loughman MD, P. Loughman MD Department of Surgery and Urology, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, IrelandSearch for more papers by this authorJ. Esoof MD, J. Esoof MD Department of Surgery and Urology, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, IrelandSearch for more papers by this authorS. K. Giri MD, S. K. Giri MD Department of Surgery and Urology, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, IrelandSearch for more papers by this authorS. Rosengrave RN, S. Rosengrave RN Departments of Medicine, Surgery and Urology, Ennis General Hospital, Day Ward, Clare, IrelandSearch for more papers by this authorA. Chute RN, A. Chute RN Departments of Medicine, Surgery and Urology, Ennis General Hospital, Day Ward, Clare, IrelandSearch for more papers by this authorA. M. O'Looney RN, A. M. O'Looney RN Community Health Organization, Community Intervention Team, Limerick, IrelandSearch for more papers by this authorD. Shanahan RN, D. Shanahan RN Community Health Organization, Community Intervention Team, Limerick, IrelandSearch for more papers by this authorC. Ryan RN, C. Ryan RN Community Health Organization, Community Intervention Team, Limerick, IrelandSearch for more papers by this author First published: 08 June 2023 https://doi.org/10.1111/ijun.12355Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL No abstract is available for this article. REFERENCES 1Bardsley A. Safe and effective catheterisation for patients in the community. Br J Community Nurs. 2015; 20(4): 166- 172. 2Davis NF, Quinlan MR, Bhatt NR, et al. Incidence, cost, complications and clinical outcomes of iatrogenic urethral catheterization injuries: a prospective multi-institutional study. J Urol. 2016; 196(5): 1473- 1477. 3Davis NF, Bhatt NR, MacCraith E, et al. Long-term outcomes of urethral catheterisation injuries: a prospective multi-institutional study. World J Urol. 2020; 38(2): 473- 480. 4 National Institute for Health and Care excellence (NICE 2012, updated 2017). Healthcare-Associated Infections: Prevention and Control in Primary and Community Care. Accessed April 2, 2022. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg139/chapter/1-guidance#long-term-urinary-catheters. 5Simpson P. Long-term urethral catheterisation: guidelines for community nurses. Br J Nurs. 2017; 26(9): S22- S26. Volume17, Issue2July 2023Pages 144-145 ReferencesRelatedInformation

Listening to First Nations women’s voices, hearing requests for continuity of carer, trusted knowledge and family involvement: A qualitative study in urban Darwin

ProblemAustralian First Nations women are more likely to commence care later in pregnancy and underutilise maternal health services than non-First Nations women. BackgroundDisrespectful maternity care is a major barrier to care-seeking in pregnancy, often resulting in later commencement and underutilisation of care. AimWe aimed to identify barriers and enablers to pregnancy-related care-seeking for Australian First Nations women living in the Darwin region through yarning about their experiences of pregnancy care. MethodsTen Australian First Nations women shared stories about their pregnancy care journeys. Yarns took place at a time and location determined by the women, with recruitment continuing until saturation was reached. FindingsEmerging themes included a desire for continuity of carer, particularly with midwives; access to trustworthy information, enabling informed decision-making; and a need to have family involved in all aspects of care. No specific barriers were identified within this cohort DiscussionUniversal access to continuity of carer models would provide women with the relational care they are asking for as well as address other identified needs, such as a desire for information relevant to their pregnancy; and space for partners/family members to be involved. The themes that emerged provide a picture of what a positive, respectful pregnancy care experience could be for First Nations women within the Darwin Region, thus enabling care-seeking in pregnancy. ConclusionAlthough the public sector and Aboriginal Controlled Community Health Organisations currently provide continuity of carer models, robust systems ensuring these models are made available to all women are lacking.

Data sharing in the context of community-engaged research partnerships

Over the past 20 years, the National Institutes for Health (NIH) has implemented several policies designed to improve sharing of research data, such as the NIH public access policy for publications, NIH genomic data sharing policy, and National Cancer Institute (NCI) Cancer Moonshot public access and data sharing policy. In January 2023, a new NIH data sharing policy has gone into effect, requiring researchers to submit a Data Management and Sharing Plan in proposals for NIH funding (NIH. Supplemental information to the, 2020b; NIH. Final policy for data, 2020a). These policies are based on the idea that sharing data is a key component of the scientific method, as it enables the creation of larger data repositories that can lead to research questions that may not be possible in individual studies (Alter and Gonzalez, 2018; Jwa and Poldrack, 2022), allows enhanced collaboration, and maximizes the federal investment in research. Important questions that we must consider as data sharing is expanded are to whom do benefits of data sharing accrue and to whom do benefits not accrue? In an era of growing efforts to engage diverse communities in research, we must consider the impact of data sharing for all research participants and the communities that they represent.We examine the issue of data sharing through a community-engaged research lens, informed by a long-standing partnership between community-engaged researchers and a key community health organization (Kruse et al., 2022). We contend that without effective community engagement and rich contextual knowledge, biases resulting from data sharing can remain unchecked. We provide several recommendations that would allow better community engagement related to data sharing to ensure both community and researcher understanding of the issues involved and move toward shared benefits. By identifying good models for evaluating the impact of data sharing on communities that contribute data, and then using those models systematically, we will advance the consideration of the community perspective and increase the likelihood of benefits for all.

Investigating health services for sexual and gender minorities in France: a qualitative study protocol

IntroductionDiscrimination and structural violence experienced by sexual and gender minorities are the source of social inequalities in health. The last decade has been marked by major developments in the provision...

Study protocol: peer delivered early intervention (Learning through Everyday Activities with Parents for Infants at risk of Cerebral Palsy: LEAP-CP) for First Nation Australian infants at high risk of cerebral palsy – an RCT study

IntroductionCerebral palsy (CP) is the most common childhood physical disability with rates approximately 50% higher in First Nations Australian children. This study aims to evaluate a culturally-adapted parent-delivered early intervention...

Dr Joseph Melzak (1903-1972). A pupil of two Jewish-Polish giants: Prof. Edward Flatau (1868- 1932), and Sir Ludwig Guttmann (1899-1980)

Dr Joseph Melzak, was born in Poland , September 1903 and died in September 1972 in Haifa, Israel. He joined the Polish army in the First World War. He studied medicine after the world war and became a neurologist. He was trained by the father of Polish neurology, Prof Edward Flatau (1868- 1932). During the second world war Joseph escaped from Poland . joined the Polish free army which became part of the British 8th army. He worked as a physician and surgeon in the British army in Italy and in Palestine. After the war he came to the UK and worked in the field of neuro-rehabilitation and eventually settled at Stoke Mandeville Hospital , and worked under the father of the comprehensive rehabilitation of the spinally injured: Sir Ludwig Guttmann (1899-1980). He retired from the National Health Service in the UK and immigrated to Israel, and worked for Community Health Organization, in Haifa. His academic publications are well known to those who work with spinal cord injuries.

A Case Study of Community-Academic Partnership in Improving the Quality of Life for Asthmatic Urban Minority Children in Low-Income Households.

Community–academic partnerships (CAPs) are being increasingly used to study and address health disparity issues. CAPs help to create new bodies of knowledge and innovative solutions to community problems, which benefits the community and academia. Supported by a grant, a partnership was formed between an academic research team and a community health organization to analyze and interpret data collected from the caregivers of asthmatic African American children living in urban low-income households. Using a case study approach, we discuss how we built a healthy CAP and the lessons learned from the process. Our analysis was guided by the six main factors that facilitate success in developing collaborative relationships, including (1) environment; (2) membership; (3) process and structure; (4) communication; (5) purpose; and (6) resources. Based on these six factors, we describe our collaboration process, challenges, and areas for improvement. We aimed to provide a “points-to-consider” roadmap for academic and community partners to establish and maintain a mutually beneficial and satisfactory relationship. Collaborating with community members and organizations provides unique opportunities for researchers and students to apply their skills and knowledge from textbooks and the classroom, engage with community members, and improve real-life community needs. Building a constructive CAP involves efforts, energy, and resources from both parties. The six major themes derived from our project offer suggestions for building a healthy, collaborative, and productive relationship that best serves communities in the future.